Is your business ready for an extra pay-period year?

Understanding the impacts of an extra pay period

Most employers who pay employees weekly or bi-weekly are used to processing 26 paychecks each year (biweekly) or 52 (weekly). However, some employers will experience a rare occurrence in 2026: an extra pay period in 2026. 

This happens because a bi-weekly payroll schedule covers only 364 days each year. Over time, those extra days add up, creating an additional pay period approximately every 11 years. If your first payday of 2026 falls on January 2, your final payday may land on December 31, resulting in a 27th paycheck.

While an extra payroll may seem like a minor calendar quirk, it can have significant impacts on payroll costs, employee pay, benefits, and compliance.

Why does it matter?

An extra payroll can affect:

  • Salaried employee pay calculations
  • Exempt employee salary requirements
  • Payroll taxes
  • Benefit deductions
  • Retirement plan contributions
  • Annual payroll budgets

Considerations

For salaried (exempt) employees, employers typically divide annual salaries by the number of pay periods.

Biweekly example: With 26 pay periods, a $52,000 salary equals $2,000 per paycheck.  If that same salary is divided by 27 pay periods, each paycheck drops to approximately $1,925.

While that may seem small, it could create compliance issues. Under federal law, most exempt employees must earn at least $684 per week to maintain exempt status. Some states require even higher minimum salary thresholds.

Before making any payroll adjustments, review exempt employee salaries to ensure they continue to meet federal and state requirements.

If you choose to keep employee paychecks the same and issue a full extra paycheck, your payroll expenses will increase by approximately 3.85% for affected employees.

That increase doesn’t just impact wages—it also affects:

  • Social Security taxes
  • Medicare taxes
  • State unemployment taxes
  • Employer retirement contributions
  • Other payroll-related expenses

Employers should account for these additional costs when preparing budgets and cash flow projections.

An extra payroll cycle can also impact employee deductions and annual contribution limits.  Review the limits for this year to make sure additional deductions do not cause employees to exceed annual limits.  Areas to review include:

  • 401(k) Contributions
  • Health Savings Accounts (HSAs)
  • Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs)
  • Other Benefits – Health insurance premiums, commuter benefits, and other payroll deductions may also need adjustment to accommodate the additional payroll.

Two Common Ways to Handle an Extra Pay-Period Year

Whichever method you choose, consistency is important. If you haven’t already begun using Option 1, avoid changing approaches mid-year as this can create confusion and compliance concerns.

Option 1: Divide salaries by 27 (biweekly) or 53 (weekly)

Under this approach, annual salaries remain unchanged, but each paycheck is slightly smaller.

Pros:

  • Keeps payroll costs within budget
  • No increase to annual compensation expense

Cons:

  • Employees receive slightly smaller paychecks
  • Advance communication may be required under state law

Option 2: Issue a full extra paycheck

Employers maintain normal paycheck amounts throughout the year and issue an additional full paycheck at year-end.

Pros:

  • Employees receive consistent paychecks
  • Easier for employees to understand

Cons:

  • Payroll expenses increase by approximately 3.85%
  • Higher employer tax and benefit costs

Action Steps:

To prepare for an extra pay -period year:

  1. Review Your Payroll Calendar to determine whether your payroll schedule will result in an extra pay date during 2026.
  2. Choose whether to divide salaries across 27(biweekly) or 53 (weekly) pay periods, or budget for and issue an additional paycheck
  3. Communicate early if employee paychecks or deductions will change.
  4. Audit benefits and deductions to ensure annual limits are not exceeded.
  5. Update budgets to account for any increased payroll expenses, employer taxes, and benefit costs.
  6. Confirm your payroll settings to make sure your system is configured correctly for the number of pay periods and current tax withholding tables.

FAQs

Could an extra-pay-period year affect bonuses or incentive payouts?

Generally, annual bonuses based on salary or performance goals won’t automatically change because of the pay schedule. However, if bonus or commission plans are tied to each paycheck or weekly hours, the extra pay period could slightly dilute per-period calculations. Employers should review incentive formulas. For instance, if a bonus is “X% of annual salary,” an extra paycheck slightly raises the annual salary base. Communicate any adjustments clearly to employees to avoid confusion.

How might an extra-pay-period year impact payroll tax filings?

Total taxable wages (and thus Social Security/Medicare taxes, unemployment wages, etc.) will be higher by roughly 3.85% if employees receive an extra check. This means slightly more tax liability for the employer and employee. When filing W-2s for 2026, report the higher wages and taxes. Make sure payroll tax deposits (which are often scheduled semi-weekly or monthly) account for the additional wages. Also ensure your payroll system is using the 2026 tax tables (Publication 15 for 2026) so that withholding is calculated correctly for each pay period.

Can an extra-pay-period year influence retirement plan contributions?

Yes. Retirement plan limits are annual, so you must be careful not to overshoot them. For example, the 2026 401(k) elective deferral limit is $24,500. If your system assumes 26 deferral periods, spreading the same total over 27 checks means each paycheck’s deferral is smaller. You should verify that each employee’s total 2026 deferrals (sum of all 27 contributions) do not exceed the limit. If needed, adjust per-paycheck deferrals or make a one-time catch-up contribution. The same logic applies to other plans (e.g. HSA limits are $4,400 self-only/$8,750 family in 2026). In short, check that 27 paychecks’ worth of contributions exactly meets but does not exceed annual caps, adjusting schedules or communicating with employees if changes are needed.
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